The Symptoms and Treatment of the Disease of Uremia

　　The symptoms of Uremia

　　Uremia is the generic terms of a series of toxic symptoms appeared in the End Stage Renal Failure. During the period of Uremia, besides the further aggravation of the following symptoms, such as disorder of water, electrolyte and acid-base balance as well as anemia, bleeding tendency, hypertension and so on, patients may occur the clinical manifestations of toxication caused by multiple system organ failure and material metabolism failure.

　　Ⅰ. The Symptoms of Neurological System

　　The Symptoms of Neurological System are main symptoms of Uremia. In its early stage, the patients often have the symptoms such as: dizziness, headache, fatigue, slip of intellect and memory, etc. Along with the illness condition changing worse, other symptoms would be also appeared, such as fidgets, muscle tremor, hyperspasmia and finally it may develop into apatheia, drowsiness and coma. The occurring of these symptoms is related to the following factors:

　　a. Accumulation of some toxicants may arouse the degeneration of nerve cells;

　　b. Disorder of electrolyte and acid-base balance.

　　c. Cerebral angiospasm, anoxia and the increasing of capillary permeability caused by Renal Hypertension may lead to the degeneration of cranial nerve cells and Encephaledema.

　　Ⅱ. The Symptoms of Gastrointestinal System

　　The earliest gastrointestinal symptom of the Uremia patients is inappetence or dyspepsia. When their illness condition changing worse, they will have anorexia, nausea, vomit or diarrhea. The occurrence of these symptoms may have the relation with the inflammation or multiple and superficial aphtha which are caused by the stimulation to Gastrointestinal Mucosa of Ammonia decomposed by urease of bacterial inside intestinal tract and urea. The patients are always combining with Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Besides, nausea, vomiting are also related with dysfunction of central nervous system which is acted on by toxins.

　　Ⅲ. The Symptoms of Cardiovascular System

　　Patient with Chronic Renal Failure may occur heart failure, arrhythmia and Myocardial Damage due to the actions of Renal Hypertension, Acidosis, Hyperkalemia, Retention of sodium and water, Anemia and toxicant material. Because of the stimulation of urea as well as Uric Acid, the patients may also occur Aseptic pericarditis and feel precordium pain and pericardiac friction sound can be heard when taking physical examination. There are cellulose and blood effusion in cavum pericardiale when the patients are in serious condition.

　　Ⅳ. The Symptoms of Respiratory System

　　When the patients are suffering from acidosis they may have a slow and deep breath, when in serious condition, the patients may have particular Kussmaul breath, in which has foul smell of urine, the reason is because of bacterial decomposition of urea to form of ammoniac. The serious patient may occur the lesion of pulmonary edema, fibrinouspleurisy or pulmonary calcification and so on. Pulmonary Edema has the relation to these factors, such as cardiac failure, Hypoproteinemia, retention of sodium and water and so on. Fibrinouspleurisy is a kind of inflammation caused by the stimulation of urea; pulmonary calcification is formed by the deposition of calcium phosphate in lung tissue.

　　Ⅴ. The Symptoms of the Skin

　　Skin itching is the common symptom of Uremia patient, which may be caused by toxic substances stimulation on skin receptor. Some people considered that it has the relation with the Secondary Hyperparathyroidism, because if it has resected, the pain would be relieved immediately. In addition, the patient’s skin may occur dryness and desquamation and tawny color. It was considered that the change of skin’s color is because of the increasing of urochrome, but now it is proved that the main pigment of skin is melanin when checked up by absorption spectrophotometer. On the exposure part of the skin, slight bruise can arouse skin ecchymosis. Because the urea of the sweat has a high density, so there are white crystals on the opening part of sweat gland, which is called Urea Frost.

　　Ⅵ. The Substance Dysbolism

　　1. Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)

　　The glucose tolerance of Uremia patient is impaired, and its curve is similar with mild diabetic patient, but such changes are insensitive to exogenous insulin. The mechanisms caused by IGT may be:

　　a. Insulin Hyposecretion

　　b. Uremia is because the increasing of the basic level of Growth Hormone (GH) secretion and the strengthening antagonism insulin.

　　c. The conjunctive obstruction of insulin and target cell receptor made the insulin function weakened.

　　d. The reducing of the activity of hepatic glycogen synzyme leads to the conjunctive obstruction of hepatic glycogen.

　　2. Negative Nitrogen Balance

　　Negative nitrogen balance may cause emaciation, cachexia and Hypoalbuminema of the patient. Hypoalbuminema is one of the main reasons of causing Renal Edema. The factors which arouse Negative nitrogen balance are:

　　a. Protein intake is limited or reduced because of anorexia, nausea and vomiting and so on.

　　b. Some substance such as methylguanidine can enhance the catabolism of tissue proteins;

　　c. Concurrent Infection can lead to the enhancement of albuminolysis;

　　d. Protein lost caused by haemorrhage;

　　e. Certain quantity protein lost along with urine.

　　3. Hyperlipemia

　　For the Uremia patients, their hypertriglyceridemia is formed by increasing of lipoprotein which is needed for liver synthetic triglyceride lead to the increasing of triglyceride production, meanwhile, lead to the reducing of triglyceride clearance rate due to the activity loss of lipoprotein lipase. This kind of change has the relation with the accumulation of methylguanidine.

　　The treatment of Uremia

　　At first, to increase the Glomerular Filtrating function, which is the kidney detox ability at each minute. It must go through the period of scientific and correct pathological treatment. After a period pathological treatment, the detox quantity increased through the kidney filtration, when it is gradually more than the produce toxin quantity, the Serum Creatinine and Urea Nitrogen begin to decrease. Only keep the Serum Creatinine and Urea Nitrogen decrease and not increase, that is the effective and scientific method. Micro-Chinese Medicine Osmotherapy by means of ionic therapy enters the renal region to dilate the renal artery, improve the microcirculation of kidney, to play the role of promoting blood circulation and removing obstruction in channels, eliminating stasis, repairing and promoting tissue regeneration, to improve and protect renal function fundamentally. After the treatment, the necrosis nephrons can be activated and the renal function can be repaired and improved to promote the kidney detox by its own function. In this way, the disease of Uremia can be well turned fundamentally. (End)

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