Pathogenesis and Pathological Changes of Simple Kidney Cyst

　　Pathogenesis

　　It is still not clear whether Simple kidney Cyst is geneogenous or posteriority. Its cause may be similar to Polycystic Kidney Disease, and their differences lie in the degree of symptoms. In other words, renal tubular obstruction and ischemia can lead to Simple kidney Cyst on animals. It prompts that the disease may be posteriority. As the cysts swell, the pressure can damage renal parenchyma, but it can not reach an extent to damage the renal function. If there is a cyst on the place which can just suppress the ureter, it would lead to progressive renal seeper and infection may be followed. In 1980, Feiner, Katz and Gallo noticed that Kidney Cyst of posteriority was usually seen in patients with long-term dialysis. In 1981, Kessel and Tynes observed that 2 of Kidney Cyst patients caused by long-term dialysis spontaneously recovered.

　　Pathological Changes

　　Simple Kidney cyst can reach the lower pole of Kidneys. The average diameter of the cysts with symptoms is about 10 centimeter, but a few can be big enough to fill the whole abdomen. There is usually clear amber sac fluid in the cysts. The cyst wall is very thin and sometimes it may be calcificated, shape of cysts usually shows blue dome. Blood fluid can be tested from about 5% of cysts and papillary carcinoma can be found on half of the cyst wall. Simple kidney Cyst tends to occur on the surface of kidneys and a few can be in the deep. Once there is a cyst in the deep, its cyst wall will adhere with epithelial wall of kidney pelvis and calices. It is difficult to separate them, but cysts are not connected with kidney pelvis. With microscopic examination, serious fibrosis and hyaline degeneration can be found on cyst wall, so can the calcified area and fibrosis caused by pressure in other adjacent kidney tissues. There are reports about children with Simple Kidney Cyst, but huge cyst is rare in children, in this case, cancer can be excluded. It is easy to confuse kidney Cyst with cancer by IVU. Ultrasound images can be used to help diagnose. Sometimes CT and MKI are also needed.

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